Xiaoying Feng ^1,2,3,†, Yiyang Du ^1,2,3,†, Yueqing Lv ^1,2,3, Xiaofang Wei ^1,2,3, Chang Cui ^1,2,3, Yibin Qin ^4,5,6, Bingxia Lu ^4,5,6, Zhongwei Chen ^4,5,6, Kang Ouyang ^1,2,3, Ying Chen ^1,2,3, Zuzhang Wei ^1,2,3, Weijian Huang ^1,2,3, Ying He ^4,5,6,*, Yifeng Qin ^1,2,3,*

1 Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;

2 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China

3 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530004, China

4 Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning 530004, China;

5 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Nanning 530001, China

6 Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Nanning 530022, China

*Correspondence: heying921@163.com (Y.H.); qinyf@gxu.edu.cn (Y.Q.)

†These authors have contributed equally to this work.

ABSTRACT： Porcine Teschovirus (PTV) is a highly prevalent pathogen within swine populations, primarily associated with encephalitis, diarrhea, pneumonia, and reproductive disorders in pigs, thereby posing a significant threat to the sustainable development of the pig farming industry. In this study, a novel strain of PTV was isolated from the feces of a pig exhibiting symptoms of diarrhea, utilizing PK-15 cell lines. The structural integrity of the viral particles was confirmed via transmission electron microscopy, and the viral growth kinetics and characteristics were evaluated in PK-15 cells. High-throughput sequencing facilitated the acquisition of the complete viral genome, and subsequent phylogenetic analysis and full-genome alignment identified the strain as belonging to the PTV 2 genotype. Further investigation revealed that infection with the PTV-GXLZ2024 strain induces phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) in PK-15 cells, indicating activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) through the PERK pathway, with minimal involvement of the IRE1 or ATF6 pathways. Notably, ATF4 protein expression was progressively downregulated throughout the infection, while downstream CHOP protein levels remained unchanged, indicating an incomplete UPR induced by PTV-GXLZ2024. Furthermore, PERK knockdown was found to enhance the replication of PTV-GXLZ2024. This study provides critical insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying PTV pathogenesis and establishes a foundation for future research into its evolutionary dynamics and interactions with host organisms.

Keywords：porcine teschovirus, isolation, genomic analysis, unfolded protein response, PERK pathway

Viruses. 2025 Aug 31;17(9):1200.

doi：10.3390/v17091200